Centeifugal oeeamer



G. 'DE LAVAL. -CENTRIPUGAL GREAMER.

Patented Oct. 4,1881.

vUNITED STATES PATENT FFICE.

GUSTAF DE LAVAL, -OF STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN.

CENTRIFUGAL CREAM ER.

SPECIFICATION forming part' of Letters Patent No. 247,804, dated October4, 1S81.

Application tiled July 31, 1879. Patented in England November 4, 1878,in France March 5 and June 30, 1879, in Belgium June 27,

l 1879, and in Italy J une 30, 1879.

To all whom t may concern Be it known that I, GUs'rAF Dn LAVAL, of

`the :city of Stockholm, Kingdom of Sweden,

rlhe apparatus is especially useful in crea-mingv milk.

The invention consists, essentially, in the combination, with a hollowchamber rotating upona vertical axis, of a pipe concentric with saidaxis for the admission of a compound iiuid, and two or more nozzles,also concentric with said axis,for the delivery of the separated iiuids.

It also consists in various details ot' construction and combinations ofparts, hereinafter described.

1n the accompanying drawings, Figure l represents a vertical section ofthe apparatus, and Fig. 2 a perspective view thereofl on a smallerscale.

Similar letters of reference designate correspending parts irl-bothfigures.

B designates a stand, preferably made of cast-iron, supporting a hollowchamber, A, preferably cast in one piece therewith.

D is a strong chamber formed of one piece of steel,iron, or othermetal,and in form nearly elliptical in vertical section. It is arranged uponthe upper end of a shaft, which projects into chamber A, and whichrotates rapidly. This rotating chamber D has two tubular projections ornozzles, l and u, from its center upward, one within the other, whichrespectively serve as passages for the separated uids, and bothconcentric with the axis of the chamber D. These tubular projectionshave suitable flan ges to allow them to be bolted firmly upon the upperend of the chamber D, as

' shown.

the nozzle Z and the vessel H that flowing from the nozzle n. The twovessels G and H are concentric with the nozzles Zv and fn, and are openat the center to permit said nozzles to project through them.

3/ y are two spouts arranged to convey from the vessels G and H theseparated fluids to convenient receptacles. g

q is a small tube leading downward through tube n into the radialchannels s s 'at the bottom of the chamber D, and through which thetluid to be separated is tlrst poured.

c' is the shaft, through which motion is given to chamber D. It isprovided with a flexible bearing, r, kept in position by means of theelastic ring o, made of lrubber or other suitable material, and glandp,which allows a slight vibratory action of the upper end of said shaft.

c representsa short vertical shaft, mounted in the base of frame A, uponwhich the shaft t' rests, and which is connected thereto by means of afriction-plate, z, 'of cork, wood, or other suitable material. Thisvertical shaft c is provided with a suitable driving-pulley, a, wherebypower may be communicated to the apparatus by means of a belt, d.

E is a cover, which incloses tightly the chamber A.

X is a bent tube leading from the inner periphery of the chamber D tothe tubular projection or nozzle l.

s s represent two or more radial pipes, fastened iu the bottom part ofchamber D, which lead the entering iluid toward the periphery of thechamber D to a point at which the separation begins, the fluids ofgreater specific gravitycontinuin g toward the periphery, while thelighter fluid portions ow toward the center under the influence ofcentrfu gal action,to be described farther on.

Theoperation of this apparatus is as follows: Rapid rotary motion beinggiven to the chamber D, unskimmed milk or other compound fluid passesfrom a pipe, f, through pipe q, into the chamberD in a slow butcontinuous stream, the ow being regulated bya cock or valve in thesupply-pipe f. By means of the rapid rotary motion, the compound iiuid,continually flowing :into the chamber D through the pipe q, is caused toseparate into its constituents by the centrifugal action imparted to theiluids ot' ditlerentgravities, thereby causing the heavier to tendtoward the ou ter circumference of ch amber D, while the lighter isforced to remain nearer the center. As the chamber becomes lled with theseparated fluids the heavier fluid portions commence to overflow throughthe curved pipe X and nozzle l into vessel G, while the cream from themilk, or the lighter portion of other compound duid, willoverilow fromthe inner nozzle, n, into vessel H. At the end ot' the operation, whenall ofthe mill; or other compound fluid to be separated at one time hasbeen poured into the apparatus, in order to complete the separation ofthe con' tents remainingin vessel D, the rotation of the same is stoppedfor a moment. The rotation is then renewed, and some ot' the heavierportion of the already-separated fluid is poured through pipe g again.This causes the remaining cream or other light fluid to rise through theinner tube, n, and to bc thrown into vessel El until the last remainingportion has become separated and the operation completed.

As the supply of milk or other compound fluid is continuons, it will beunderstood that incipient and progressive separations ot' the supplyinto accretions ot' cream and skimmed millr or any other simple uids areatall times taking place within the chamber.

Bymeans of this` apparatus I am enabled to separate any fluids ot'dill'erent specilic gravities continually. One stream ot` compound iluidenters by means of pipe q, while the separated fluids flow from the twospouts y y, respectively.

This apparatus is simple, cheap, and valuable for many operations in thearts, and is especially adapted to the separation of cream from milk,either fresh or old. It maybe operated by hand or otherwise.

Vsfhatl claim as myinvention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

1. The combination, with a hollow chamber rotating upon a vertical axis,otl a pipe concentric with said axis for the admission ot a compoundfluid, and two or more nozzles, also concentric with said axis, for thedelivery of the separated fluids, substantiallyT as speoied.

2. Thecombination, with a hollow chamber rotating upon its verticalaxis, of a pipe concentric with said axis for the admission ot1 acompound lluid, two or more nozzles, also concentric with said axis, forthe delivery of the separated fluids, and a curved pipe extending fromthe outermost ot' said nozzles down and outwardly within said chamber,nearly to the periphery thereof, substantially as specified.

3. A. closed centrifugal chamber provided with a double set ot'concentric and central vertical dscharge tubes or nozzles, in combination with a stationary receiver consisting ot' the central annularcompartments, G H, through the hollow center of which the double tubesor nozzles project, substantially as specilied.

4. The combination of the rotary chamber I), inletpipe or passage q,radial passages s, extending therefrom, nozzles la, and curved pipe x,substantially as specified.

GUS'PAF DE LAVAL.

Witnesses:

Osoan LAMM, J r., GUs'rAF ULFF.

